Full Program: 7th Australian Marine Turtle Symposium

Authors

David Booth

Affiliations

School of Environment, The University of Queensland, Australia

Abstract

The use of air temperature to predict sand temperature at nest depth, and then use sand temperature to predict hatchling sex ratios is becoming increasingly popular in marine turtle conservation research. Here I use data from Heron Island to explore the assumptions and reliability of using this method to predict hatchling sex ratios.

Authors

Tristan Poole (1), Melissa Staines (2), David Booth (3), Caitlin Smith (4)

Affiliations

1: Centre for Tropical Water and Aquatic Ecosystems, James Cook University, Townsville
2: Wunambal Gaambera Aboriginal Corporation
3: School of Biological Sciences, University of Queensland, St Lucia
4: Centre for Tropical Water and Aquatic Ecosystems, James Cook University, Cairns

Abstract

Anthropogenic climate change poses a significant threat to marine turtles globally, due to rising nest temperatures causing female biased hatchling production in some locations. This has cascading impacts on the availability of breeding males, effective population size, and genetic diversity. The extent and timing of feminisation varies among sea turtle species and genetic stocks, highlighting the need for species and location specific models of hatchling sex ratios, particularly in remote nesting areas where intervention thresholds remain poorly understood. In this study, we investigated temperature profiles on the Lihou Reef isles in the Coral Sea Marine Park by deploying temperature data loggers at nest depth, in vegetated and unvegetated sites during the 2024-25 nesting period. Average monthly sand temperatures were 29.66°C ± 0.60 (mean ± SD, n = 7) in vegetated sites and 28.52°C ± 0.87 (n = 6) in unvegetated sites. Using environmental proxies to model temperatures at nest depth, the model of best fit incorporated air temperature, solar radiation, and vegetation (R² = 0.86, n = 13, p < 0.001). This model was applied to Coupled Model Intercomparison Project Phase 6 (CMIP6) climate projections under three emissions scenarios; conservative (SSP1-2.6), moderate (SSP2-4.5) and extreme (SSP5-8.5) to forecast nest temperatures through to 2100. Nest temperatures were projected to increase at 0.088°C per decade under SSP1-2.6, 0.163°C under SSP2-4.5, and 0.372°C under SSP5-8.5. Based on these increases, we predict that sand temperatures under the most extreme scenario will result in a strong female bias in hatchling sex ratios. These models provide the first assessment of the vulnerability of this ecologically important rookery to climate-driven feminisation, aiding in the determination of climate risk to green turtle hatchlings in the Coral Sea and informing if and when management interventions will be required.

Authors

Sophie Mills (1), Pilar Santidrián Tomillo (2), Sean Williamson (1), Holly White (2), Richard Reina (1)

Affiliations

1: School of Biological Sciences, Monash University, Australia
2: The Leatherback Trust, Goldring-Gund Marine Biology Station, Playa Grande, Costa Rica

Abstract

Rising global temperatures threaten sea turtle populations by increasing nest temperatures above lethal thresholds and reducing hatching success. Continuous cooling strategies can successfully reduce nest temperatures, but cooling throughout incubation risks inadvertently altering sex ratios, which may be considered beneficial for local population growth. Over two nesting seasons (2024/25 and 2025/26) at Parque Nacional Marino Las Baulas, Costa Rica, we evaluated a targeted shading strategy on relocated olive Ridley (Lepidochelys olivacea) clutches. Relocated nests were assigned to either an unshaded control group or a targeted shading treatment, where shading boxes were applied only when temperature thresholds were reached (32°C in the first third, 33°C in the middle third, and 34°C in the final third of incubation) to avoid cooling below the pivotal sex-determination temperature but stay within optimum mean incubation temperatures. Thermal spikes occurring during the first and middle thirds of incubation had a statistically significant negative impact on hatching success (p = 0.002). Targeted shading provided a maximum cooling effect of up to 2.6° C (mean = 0.2° C) and increased overall hatching success (p = 0.01) compared to unshaded controls. Furthermore, an interaction between mean incubation temperature and shading treatment (p < 0.05) demonstrated that targeted shading buffered embryos against heat-induced mortality during critical thermal events. To determine whether cooling interventions induced non-lethal side effects, locomotor performance, including righting response time, crawling speed, and swimming ability was tested on 340 hatchlings. Targeted shading did not significantly alter hatchling locomotor performance across any of the tested metrics (p > 0.05). These findings highlight targeted nest shading as an effective, low-impact management tool to safeguard sea turtle embryonic survival against rising temperatures without compromising hatchling physical quality or sex ratios.

Authors

Camille Kynoch (1), Sean Williamson (1,2), Emily Roycroft (1), Blair Bentley (3), Blair Hardman (4), Richard Reina (1)

Affiliations

1: School of Biological Sciences, Monash University, 25 Rainforest Walk Clayton, VIC 3800 Australia
2: Nocterra Pty Ltd, Suite 9/125 Melville Parade, Como, WA 6152 Australia
3: Department of Biological Sciences, Smith College, Northampton MA 01063 USA
4: Chevron Australia Pty Ltd, One the Esplanade, Perth, WA 6000 Australia

Abstract

Climate change is a major threat to species with temperature-dependent sex determination. For sea turtles, warming temperatures could drastically reduce male offspring production, jeopardizing population viability. Complex breeding strategies make it difficult to predict when reductions in male hatchling output may affect adult sex ratios, and ultimately population dynamics. Mating behaviours like polygyny may buffer populations in the short term and maintain population abundance; however, over time, genetic diversity may decline. Reductions in genetic diversity could compromise population adaptive potential and negatively impact individual fitness traits. If impacted traits are also temperature sensitive, the combination of adverse genetic and temperature effects could be detrimental to population persistence. Although assessing vulnerability to male limitation is complex, it is important for identifying populations at risk and informing timely conservation action. This project investigates flatback turtle populations to assess the potential risk of male scarcity on population viability. Overall, this research: 1) estimates trends in male hatchling output over time, 2) characterises breeding dynamics via multiple paternity and breeding sex ratios, and 3) understands how early life mortality may be affected by genetic diversity and temperature. Here, we present preliminary results from the 2025 flatback nesting seasons at Bare Sand Island (NT), Barrow Island and Eighty Mile Beach (WA). We provide current hatchling sex ratio estimates at each site, calculated from nest temperature data. We also describe temperature impacts on hatchling survival (proxied by hatchling performance tests) and hatching success. Finally, we present general population genetic diversity metrics from our initial genetic analyses. Together, these results provide preliminary evidence of how sex ratios, early-life outcomes, and genetic diversity may shape the vulnerability of flatback populations to male limitation and future climate change.

Authors

Emily Webster (1), Liliana Iotebatu (2), Mark Hamann (2), Kate Hofmeister (3)

Affiliations

1: TropWATER, James Cook University, Australia
2: College of Science and Engineering, James Cook University, Australia
3: Sunshine Coast Regional Council

Abstract

Marine turtles are under mounting pressure from both climate change and human activities. The future response of their populations to this evolving threat landscape remains uncertain, particularly across broad geographical contexts. This study aims to identify potential nesting “refugia” sites for southwest Pacific loggerhead marine turtles, meaning areas expected to remain relatively stable despite climatic disturbance, as well as areas likely to be lost or no longer suitable for nesting. We compiled southwest Pacific loggerhead turtles nesting records from Queensland and NSW and assessed climate projections (temperatures, sea level rise, tides, storm surge and wave climate) for all sandy beaches where loggerhead turtles currently nest along the east coast. For each site, we calculated a net exposure score comparing baseline conditions with future projections for 2050 and 2090 (under SSP 585). We assessed physical beach conditions (coastal squeeze, vegetation, beach slope, historical coastline change, and coastal armouring) to understand which sites are most susceptible to changing climate pressures. This work shows that the entire Australian nesting range of southwest Pacific loggerhead turtles is at risk, with some areas facing severe climate driven decline by mid century. However, the analysis also identifies areas where conditions remain comparatively stable and where management actions may be most effective. This framework can be adapted for other threatened species populations or marine turtle life stages, for example at foraging grounds. The approach is being used to develop fine-scale climate vulnerability maps for the Sunshine Coast Regional Council nesting beaches using ground-based data (vegetation surveys, LiDAR, nest thermal profiles), to inform coastal hazard planning and conservation action prioritisation.

Authors

Colin Limpus

Affiliations

Queensland Turtle Research

Abstract

Artificial lighting disrupts adult and hatchling marine turtle ocean-finding behaviour. Past studies concluded that turtles were “attracted” to bright lights. Our understandings of impacts of artificial lights and management of lighting impacts on turtles were influenced by 1980s-1990s Florida studies. Low pressure sodium vapour light WAS NOT disruptive to Caretta hatchlings but WAS DISRUPTIVE to Chelonia hatchlings. Sodium atoms energised by electron beams give off most energy as light at two spectral wavelengths called the sodium doublet (D lines: 589.0 nM and 589.6 nM). Other conventional artificial lighting with different intense wavelengths disrupt ocean-finding behaviour for all species of marine turtles. Yellow-amber wavelengths of low pressure sodium vapour lights were promoted as “turtle friendly light”. Fritsches (2012) showed that east Australia & Florida Caretta behave differently to yellow-amber light from low pressure sodium vapour light: ocean finding behaviour disrupted in eastern Australia while ocean finding behaviour was not disrupted in Florida. Different genetic stocks behave differently. Re-evaluation of turtle friendly lighting in eastern Australia and the primary cues driving Caretta, Chelonia, and Natator hatchling ocean finding found that hatchlings MOVE towards horizons at lowest angle of elevation from their viewpoint, hatchlings move away from elevated dark horizons, hatchlings are NOT ATTRACTED to bright lights. Conclusion: turtles are “blinded” by bright lights, preventing them from seeing dim ocean horizons. Their eyes have light sensitive nerve endings with adjacent oil droplets with different spectral resorption potential. These oil droplets can filter out wavelengths being received within the retina. New research: Narrow-spectrum red LED light with a peak intensity at 625 nm is NOT DISRUPTIVE to east Australian loggerhead hatchling ocean finding behaviour and possibly flatback behaviour.

Authors

Daniel Gomez Isaza (1), Kellie Pendoley (2), Rebecca Fisher (1), Phillipa Wilson (3), Sabrina Fossette (4), Ross Jones (1), Michele Thums (1)

Affiliations

1: Australian Institute of Marine Science, Crawley, WA, 6009, Australia
2: Pendoley Environmental, Booragoon, Western Australia, Australia
3: Australian Institute of Marine Science, Darwin, NT, 0810, Australia
4: Biodiversity and Conservation Science, Department of Biodiversity, Conservation and Attractions, 17 Dick Perry Ave, Kensington, Western Australia 6151, Australia

Abstract

Artificial light at night (ALAN) is a major threat to sea turtle hatchlings, disrupting their ability to locate the ocean after emerging from nests. Hatchlings typically orient towards the naturally bright, low seaward horizon while avoiding elevated landward silhouettes such as dunes and vegetation. When these cues conflict, one can override the other and alter orientation behaviour. Although cue competition is widely recognised in animal orientation, the conditions under which artificial light overrides natural visual cues have rarely been quantified. Here, we tested the cue competition hypothesis in green turtle (Chelonia mydas) hatchlings at Ningaloo, Western Australia, by experimentally varying artificial light intensity, horizon elevation, and light spectrum (cool and warm LEDs) and quantifying hatchling orientation responses in field-based arenas. We predicted that stronger natural horizon cues would reduce the attractiveness of artificial lights, requiring brighter lights to attract turtle hatchlings. Consistent with this prediction, increasing horizon elevation reduced the influence of ALAN, such that progressively higher light intensities were required to attract hatchlings towards artificial light. Conversely, under low horizon elevation, substantially lower light intensities attracted hatchlings. Warm-spectrum LEDs were consistently less attractive than cool-spectrum LEDs across horizon elevations, indicating that warm LEDs are a perceptually weaker cue to hatchlings. Importantly, the initial orientation decision of hatchlings depended on the relative strength of competing cues, revealing that changes in either horizon elevation or light intensity can shift hatchlings orientation. By quantifying the conditions under which artificial lights override natural orientation cues, our findings provide a practical foundation for balancing lighting mitigation and landscape management at light-affected sea turtle rookeries.

Authors

Kate Hofmeister (1), Ebony King (1), Mark Hamann (2)

Affiliations

1: Sunshine Coast Council, Australia
2: James Cook University, Townsville

Abstract

Light pollution is a ubiquitous and growing threat for marine turtles nesting on developed coastlines across the globe. On the Sunshine Coast Queensland, between 2017 and 2022, whole of sky light pollution increased at one turtle nesting beach by 77%, approximately 1.5 times global average. Light pollution growth in urban areas typically relates to the increase in use of bright LED luminaires in road infrastructure (streetlights), retail, industrial, public space and residential lighting. As an emerging field of investigation, there is limited applicable data to support policy development relating to marine turtle conservation and light pollution. Our work specifically investigates the application of tinting to glass on new developments, as a policy tool for local government planning schemes to address light pollution. We conducted y-maze experiments that tested loggerhead turtle (Caretta caretta) hatchling response to residential level lighting through levels of visible light transmittance (15, 30 and 45%) and colour (grey and blue) of glass tint. A spectrometer was used to quantify the spectral distribution of light and the brightness of each trial. Illuminance values emerged as the primary driver of y-maze preferences for hatchlings. Whilst all tint was demonstrated to be an effective tool against residential lighting, the results did not demonstrate statistical significance between tested tint treatments or colours. The results are biologically important as they demonstrate the effectiveness of glass tinting as a mitigation tool to improve hatchling sea finding behaviour and represent the first evidence base for tinting as a policy tool for coastal development in Austraila.

Authors

Ebony King, Kate Hofmeister

Affiliations

Sunshine Coast Council, Australia

Abstract

Artificial light at night is a recognised threat to marine turtles, disrupting hatchling sea-finding behaviour and reducing the ecological integrity of nesting habitats. Shelly Beach on Queensland's Sunshine Coast supports a locally important nesting population of the south-west Pacific genetic stock of loggerhead turtles (Caretta caretta), where monitoring identified a 45% increase in zenith sky brightness between 2017 and 2021. Sunshine Coast Council was engaged by the Australian Government Department of Climate Change, Energy, the Environment and Water (DCEEW) to undertake a coastal lighting retrofit project at a nesting beach to develop a case study for publication in the National Light Pollution Guidelines for Wildlife. Guided by the Environmental Impact Assessment framework within the Guidelines, artificial light sources were identified, assessed and prioritised for management. A comprehensive lighting retrofit was delivered across car park, street, shelter and amenities infrastructure, incorporating wildlife-sensitive luminaires, shielding, motion-activated controls, timers and reduced-intensity, long-wavelength lighting. The project reduced light pollution impacts on nesting and hatchling loggerhead turtles while maintaining community safety and compliance with AS/NZS 1158 lighting standards. Project outcomes were assessed using calibrated skyglow monitoring, photometric analysis, repeat photography and hatchling orientation monitoring. Post-retrofit assessments demonstrated reduced horizon brightness associated with the car park and amenities precinct and a shift in peak brightness away from key nesting habitat. Hatchling orientation monitoring indicated improved sea-finding performance, with mean deviation from the direct path to the ocean decreasing from 25.5° (2017-2023; n = 31 clutches) to 7.0° during the first post-retrofit nesting season (2024-25; n = 7 clutches), although changes in dune elevation resulting from weather events were not quantified. The case study has demonstrated the effectiveness of the guidelines as an implementation tool, the benefit of cross-discipline collaboration and partnership between government and citizen scientists and highlights the effectiveness of contemporary lighting solutions for ecologically sensitive locations.

Authors

Ryan Pereira (1), Tom Tran (1), Heather Fenton (2), Jane Hall (2), Karrie Rose (2), Lauren Lim (3), Edward Holmes (3), Adelaide Dedden (4), Melissa Tan (4), Victoria Hickin (4), Susan Crocetti (5), Aditi Siriam (6), Mitch Carter (4), Joshua Llinas (7), Shauna Murray (8), Jason van de Merwe (9), Christopher Doyle (10), Duane March (4)

Affiliations

1: Irukandji Shark and Ray Encounters, Anna Bay NSW 2316
2: Australian Registry of Wildlife Health, Taronga Conservation Society, Mosman, NSW 2088
3: University of Sydney, School of Medical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine and Health, Sydney, NSW 2006
4: NSW National Parks and Wildlife Service, Paramatta, NSW 2116
5: NSW Department of Climate Change, Energy, the Environment and Water, Strategic Policy Science and Engagement, Paramatta, NSW 2116
6: NSW Department of Climate Change, Energy, the Environment and Water, Biodiversity and Heritage Regulator, Paramatta, NSW 2116
7: The Unusual Pet Vets Jindalee QLD 4074
8: University of Technology Sydney, School of Life Sciences, Ultimo NSW 2007
9: Griffith University, School of Environment and Science, Gold Coast campus, QLD 4215
10: NSW Department of Climate Change, Energy, the Environment and Water, Science & Insights Division, Paramatta, NSW 2116

Abstract

Between June and November 2025, at least 81 green turtles (Chelonia mydas) were found sick or dead in the Port Stephens region of New South Wales. In the months preceding, and during, the mortality event, the region experienced significant periods of heavy rainfall including large storms. The most common clinical signs observed in affected turtles were exophthalmia, blepharitis, sloughing of the periocular and peripheral scutes and in three cases detachment of the keratinised rhamphotheca. With the exception of two animals that survived rehabilitation, sick turtles admitted to the local rehabilitation facility, Irukandji Shark & Ray Encounters, presented moribund, deteriorated rapidly and died within a few days despite veterinary care. Many patients presented with secondary pneumonia, obstipation and occasional neurological abnormalities. A coordinated investigative approach involved multiple government agencies, wildlife rehabilitation organisations, veterinarians, universities and diagnostic laboratories. Standardised necropsies and comprehensive sample collection were undertaken to investigate a broad range of potential infectious, toxicological and environmental causes. Samples were analysed for histopathology, microbiology, virology, parasitology, harmful algal bloom toxins, contaminants, metabolomics and other emerging biomarkers. Although investigations remain ongoing and no single definitive causative factor has been identified, the collaborative response has established a valuable framework for investigating marine wildlife mortality events. The project has strengthened partnerships across research institutions, rehabilitation sectors and management agencies, expanded health data for sea turtles in the region, and highlighted the diagnostic capabilities across eastern Australia. Our presentation will provide a brief overview of the mortality event, subsequent investigation, a high-level summary of preliminary findings, lessons learned from coordinating a large multi-agency response, and future directions. The outcomes of this investigation will improve preparedness for future marine wildlife mortality events and contribute to a better understanding of the cumulative natural and anthropogenic stressors affecting marine turtles in the Port Stephens region.

Authors

Jessica Crabb, Mark Hamann

Affiliations

James Cook Univeristy, Australia

Abstract

Warming seas and changing oceanographic conditions are expected to drive poleward shifts in marine species distributions, making southern Australia increasingly important for detecting future range changes. To establish a baseline for monitoring these changes in marine turtles in the southern hemisphere, we compiled 862 opportunistic presence-only records from southern Australia using the Atlas of Living Australia, which aggregates government, museum, and community animal-sighting records. All six Australian species were recorded, though unevenly: green turtles most frequently (n=315), then leatherback (n=188) and loggerhead (n=159), with most records from the state of New South Wales (n=604). Records accumulated increasingly through time, especially in the states of New South Wales, Victoria and South Australia. However, trends in abundance cannot be separated from the concurrent growth of community science platforms and increased reporting effort. Accordingly, our analyses describe patterns in record accumulation rather than changes in turtle abundance or distribution. Differences among species are more informative: accumulation rates differed significantly within New South Wales and Victoria, and records were strongly structured by latitude, with green and hawksbill turtles along the warmer New South Wales coast and leatherbacks and loggerheads along the cooler South Australian and Victorian coasts. Both of the latter have been opportunistically recorded in southern waters for decades, indicating a future need to distinguish between long-standing and newly established use of the region. Both are threatened, yet these waters are recognised neither as foraging habitat in the national recovery plan nor within the leatherback Regional Management Units. We present these data not as evidence of range expansion, but as a verified baseline for detecting future change.

Authors

Karen Middlemiss (1), Michelle Boyle (1), James Chatterton (2), Adam Naylor (2), Celine Campana (2), Isabella Jansen (3), Andrew Christie (3), Giorgia Vattiato (1,4)

Affiliations

1: Department of Conservation, New Zealand
2: New Zealand Centre for Conservation Medicine, Auckland Zoo, New Zealand
3: Sealife Kelly Tarlton's, New Zealand
4: Bioeconomy Science Institute, New Zealand

Abstract

Green turtles (Chelonia mydas) occur year-round in northern New Zealand, with genetic studies linking individuals to south-west Pacific rookeries. Despite their regular occurrence in coastal waters, little is known about their habitat use, movements, and residency patterns in New Zealand. To address this knowledge gap, juvenile and sub-adult green turtles were tracked using satellite telemetry. Individuals displayed diverse movement strategies, with some remaining resident within harbours while others undertook extensive movements along the New Zealand coastline. Within the harbour showing the highest levels of residency, turtle habitat use was concentrated in distinct areas associated with seagrass meadows and tidal channels. These habitats likely provide important foraging opportunities and may also function as movement corridors or resting areas associated with local bathymetric features.This study provides the first documented evidence of long-term residency by individual green turtles in New Zealand waters and identifies habitats that are likely to be important for immature life stages. By filling a critical knowledge gap in habitat use and spatial ecology, these findings provide an evidence base for the design of habitat protection areas. Protecting these foraging habitats is important for supporting the development and survival of immature turtles before they return to natal breeding areas to breed. The movement data also contribute to broader regional and global conservation initiatives, including establishing Important Marine Turtle Areas (IMTAs) and Blue Corridors for Turtles (BC4T).

Video Presentation

Authors

Andrew S. Maurer (1), Daniel C. Dunn (1), Lily K. Bentley (1), Ashleigh N. Bandimere (2), Andrew D. DiMatteo (3), Heidi Frisch-Nwakanma (4), Harris Wei-Khang Heng (1), Brendan J. Hurley (5,6), Brian J. Hutchinson (2), Michael P. Jensen (7), Roderic B. Mast (2), Marc Oremus (7), Julie Pezin (7), Zachary A. Posnik (5), Jaime Restrepo (1), Bryan P. Wallace (8), Christine A. Madden (7)

Affiliations

1: University of Queensland
2: The Oceanic Society
3: CheloniData LLC
4: Convention on Migratory Species Secretariat
5: BZ GeoData
6: George Washington University
7: World Wide Fund for Nature
8: Ecolibrium Inc.

Abstract

A globally coordinated process to prioritize marine turtle habitats for conservation and management is underway. By designating key habitats as Important Marine Turtle Areas (IMTAs), the marine turtle community is synthesizing diverse sources of knowledge and data into a single, actionable framework to inform conservation decision making. Guidelines for the IMTA process were developed by the IUCN-SSC Marine Turtle Specialist Group (MTSG) in 2021, modeled after the success of predecessors such as Important Bird and Biodiversity Areas (IBAs), Important Marine Mammal Areas (IMMAs), and Important Shark and Ray Areas (ISRAs). Now, momentum is building for the implementation of a process for marine turtles, delineating IMTAs region by region. Herein, we provide background on “Important Area” frameworks, describe the process outlined to designate IMTAs, and highlight progress to date, including the launch of an “IMTA Taskforce” by the MTSG and steps taken toward coordinating “Regional IMTA Workshops” in 2026 and beyond. We underscore that the IMTA process will be driven by, and depend on, the global marine turtle community. As such, we encourage your participation when a regional process is initiated for Australasia. The engagement of knowledge holders across the global distribution of marine turtles is needed to make IMTAs the most effective conservation tool possible.

Authors

Jemma Davey, Jason Van de Merwe, Vincent Raoult

Affiliations

Griffith University, Australia

Abstract

Understanding how dietary variation influences contaminant exposure can improve ecological risk assessments in marine megafauna, as differing foraging strategies may expose some individuals to greater contaminant burdens. In green sea turtles (Chelonia mydas), the temporal overlap between stable isotope turnover and trace element incorporation in blood provides an opportunity to directly link recent diet with contaminant exposure. This study investigated whether variation in dietary composition influenced trace element concentrations in green sea turtles foraging in Moreton Bay, Australia. Blood samples from juvenile (n = 15), subadult (n = 15), and adult (n = 15) turtles were analysed for stable isotope ratios (δ13C, δ15N, δ34S) and trace element concentrations. Bayesian stable isotope mixing models identified seagrass as the dominant dietary contributor across the population (86.5%), followed by coastal fish (10.3%), while all remaining sources contributed minimally (<2%). Dietary composition varied across ontogeny, with seagrass contribution increasing and coastal fish contribution declining with increasing size. Four juveniles displayed unique diets compared to the rest of the population, characterised by higher δ15N and δ34S values, lower δ13C values and increased concentrations of cadmium, arsenic, and selenium, consistent with feeding at higher trophic levels on pelagic-associated prey. Ontogenetic differences were also observed, with adults and subadults displaying similar narrow isotopic niches and trace element profiles, while juveniles exhibited greater variability, reflecting higher diversity of diets upon recruitment to foraging grounds. Evidence of bioaccumulation was observed for molybdenum, iron, and cobalt, with adults exhibiting significantly higher concentrations than juveniles. Antimony was also identified as an element of concern, with all sampled turtles exhibiting concentrations above reference intervals, suggesting exposure from environmental sources rather than diet. These findings demonstrate that individual dietary preferences should be considered when assessing contaminant exposure at the population level, as population averages may mask important variation in exposure risk.

Authors

Nicole Rowberry (1), Arthur Barraza (2), Colin Limpus (3), Jason van de Merwe (1,2), Kimberly Finlayson (1,2)

Affiliations

1: School of Environment and Science, Griffith University, Gold Coast, Australia
2: Australian Rivers Institute, Griffith University, Gold Coast, Australia
3: Department of The Environment, Tourism, Science and Innovation, Queensland, Australia

Abstract

Green sea turtles (Chelonia mydas) have high ecological, economic and cultural importance, and their high fidelity to foraging grounds and long lifespan make them good bioindicators of trace element pollution. Trace elements accumulate in green turtles through food, and are linked with disease and abnormalities. Previous studies suggest higher concentrations of trace elements within inshore locations, closer to anthropogenic activities and coastal run-off, compared to remote offshore sites. This project investigated trace element accumulation in blood of green turtles foraging in locations of differing chemical input. Blood was collected from green turtles foraging at three sites: Port Curtis (adjacent to industrial port), Heron Reef (adjacent to tourist resort and research station), and Hoskyn/Fairfax reefs (remote offshore reefs). The blood was acid digested and analysed using ICP-MS for trace element concentrations. Concentrations of individual elements were statistically analysed for differences between locations, and a principal components analysis was used to assess multivariate differences between locations. Trace element concentrations were also compared to reference intervals (RIs) from the literature. Antimony, cobalt, manganese, and molybdenum concentrations were significantly higher in Port Curtis turtles, and elevated above the reference intervals. Arsenic, selenium and cadmium were significantly higher in both offshore locations compared to Port Curtis, and elevated above reference intervals. Vanadium was significantly higher in Hoskyn/Fairfax turtles, and elevated above reference intervals. Principal component analyses found a distinct separation between Port Curtis and the Capricorn Bunker, as well as some separation between Heron and Hoskyn/Fairfax reefs. The higher concentrations of elements in turtle blood compared to the reference intervals, and other global populations, demonstrates natural and anthropogenic sources of elements are accumulating in these green turtles at elevated levels, with suspected risk to their health and the health of the marine environment.

Authors

Samantha Fox (1), Kimberly Finlayson (2), Jason van de Merwe (1)

Affiliations

1: Griffith University, Australia
2: Department of the Environment, Tourism, Science and Innovation

Abstract

As zones of concentrated human activity, coastal marine environments face substantial anthropogenic pollution, with trace metals posing a persistent threat due to their resistance to degradation, toxicity, and potential to biomagnify through food webs toward apex consumers, including humans. Sea turtles are recognised as valuable sentinel species for monitoring metal contamination because of their longevity, high dietary intake, and strong fidelity to coastal foraging habitats. The Australian flatback turtle (Natator depressus) is particularly susceptible to coastal contamination, remaining on the continental shelf throughout its life cycle and occupying a higher trophic position than herbivorous species through its carnivorous diet. Despite this sustained exposure, flatbacks remain one of the least studied sea turtle species with respect to trace metal contamination. This study investigates trace metal concentrations in flatback turtle blood and eggs to evaluate contaminant exposure, maternal transfer, and the influence of foraging location on contaminant burden. Blood and egg samples have been collected from nesting females at Peak Island and Wild Duck Island, the largest flatback rookeries in eastern Australia. Metal concentrations will be quantified using inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry (ICP-MS), while satellite telemetry data will identify individual foraging regions and enable assessment of spatial patterns in contaminant exposure. Sample analysis and statistical evaluation are underway, with all results expected to be finalised before the conference. We anticipate that metal concentrations in blood will vary among foraging regions, reflecting spatial heterogeneity in contamination, and that maternally transferred metals will be detectable in eggs at concentrations corresponding to maternal exposure history. By integrating contaminant analysis with movement ecology, this research will provide the first assessment of trace metal exposure in Australian flatback turtles linking individual contaminant burdens to foraging location, addressing a knowledge gap for this nationally vulnerable species and supporting contaminant monitoring and conservation management of Australia's coastal ecosystems.

Authors

Lucy Palmer

Affiliations

Griffith University

Abstract

Plastic pollution and the chemicals associated with it are entering marine ecosystems at an unprecedented rate. Research has shown that sea turtles are consuming plastic, leading to a range of health problems. Many plastics contain chemical additives known as phthalates, which are used to increase flexibility and durability in plastic products. In humans and other animal species, phthalates have been associated with reproductive impairment, developmental abnormalities, and oxidative stress. However, despite the ecological importance and conservation vulnerability of sea turtles, little research has investigated the biological effects of phthalates in these species, particularly within Australian populations. This project will address this knowledge gap by investigating the accumulation of microplastics, macroplastics, and phthalates in Australian sea turtles, and determining whether there is a relationship between plastic ingestion and phthalate concentrations within the body. Turtle cells will be exposed to relevant phthalates to assess their biological effects. In collaboration with rehabilitation facilities along Australia’s east coast, non-lethal blood and tissue samples will be collected from rehabilitating turtles to assess phthalate accumulation, while stomach contents obtained through necropsies will be analysed for microplastics and macroplastics. Blood samples from wild turtles across foraging and nesting sites, including nesting females and their hatchlings, will be analysed for phthalates to investigate potential maternal transfer. Toxicological analyses will integrate plastic and phthalate exposure data to assess potential cellular impacts. To our knowledge, this project will provide the first documented detection of phthalates in Australian sea turtles and investigate the relationship between plastic ingestion and phthalate accumulation. Furthermore, this study will characterise the cellular effects of phthalate exposure in sea turtle cells, providing novel insight into the biological consequences of plastic-associated chemical exposure in these vulnerable species.

Authors

Jen Slape, Phoebe Taylor, Hazel McCallum

Affiliations

Australian Seabird and Turtle Rescue, Australia

Abstract

Increased stranding activity means increased opportunity to investigate and delve into ailments that present themselves persistently. We have observed that microplastics found in post hatchlings and nutritional deprivation are the two most prevalent afflictions our reptilian friends are suffering from. The flow on effect from these is seriously debilitated patients who often require courses antibiotics and in ASTR’s next phase of investigation we are currently in the process of implementing the use of probiotics as the standard practice. In years gone by post hatchlings present to us with the odd piece of microplastic which was alarming but sadly it has become an annual occurrence and while we try our absolute best with rehabilitating most of these succumbing to internal injuries sustained from the sharp edges of the microplastics. How do we tackle this problem? ASTR are collaborating with ‘Our Blue Hands’ microplastics research program which will allow science-based solutions that support both pollution reduction and wildlife conservation. A continuous flow of juvenile turtles presenting with malnourishment issues such as poor body condition, floating syndrome, low packed cell volume, elevated white blood cells however hypoproteinaemia is proving to be the most regular complication. Providing nutrients through human grade seafood such as prawns, squid and anchovies certainly aid in their recovery from hypoproteinaemia but we now introduce nutrient dense greens much earlier in their rehabilitation journey to further optimize their healing capability, as a result we see an accelerated recovery. Malnourished patients are prescribed antibiotics to help with systemic infections and/or lung issues. A drug that is necessary to assist in the early rehabilitation and restoration process. Recently we have questioned whether we’re releasing turtles back into the wild immunocompromised with a depleted gut microbiome after undergoing antibiotic treatment and exploring the use of probiotics in every patient moving forward.

Authors

Nisha Hamann, Mark Hamann

Affiliations

James Cook University, Australia

Abstract

Incidental capture in shark control gear is a potential threat to marine turtles, yet few long-term analyses have quantified trends in captures and mortality. We analysed 25 years (2001–2025) of Queensland Shark Control Program records and 23 years (2002/03–2024/25) of New South Wales Shark Meshing Program records to describe long-term patterns in marine turtle bycatch and survivorship. In Queensland, 1079 turtles were recorded, dominated by loggerhead (68%) and green turtles (23%), with 85% survivorship. Within the Great Barrier Reef World Heritage Area, survivorship rose from 62% before 2020 to 94% after 2019, coinciding with net removal and expanded use of drumlines. Outside the GBRWHA, mortality was higher on nets than on drumlines, and mortality exceeded the long-term average of 14% in four years after 2020 (2020, 55%; 2021, 21%; 2024, 19%; 2025, 21%), predominantly in loggerhead turtles from southeast Queensland. In New South Wales, 245 turtles were recorded, dominated by green (47%) and leatherback (20%) turtles, with lower survivorship (34%), reflecting reliance on nets. We found that, where nets and drumlines operated in the same regions, nets were associated with higher mortality despite similar catch rates, indicating that gear type drives per-capture survival. Improvements coincided with net removal within the GBRWHA, whereas mortality odds were higher after 2019 in southeast Queensland regions that retained both gear types. However, these associations are consistent with, rather than confirming, a causal effect. These results underscore the central role of gear selectivity and the need for adaptive, gear-focused mitigation and continued monitoring.

Authors

Natalie Sands

Affiliations

Qld Parks and Wildlife Service, Australia

Abstract

The DETSI stranding program relies on a network of volunteers across Queensland to respond to a large majority of turtle strandings and submit the associated data. My proposed presentation would present a summary of turtle strandings data over the past 5 – 10 years across Qld, broadly categorised into: - Regions - Years/months - Suspected ‘cause’ categories (anthropogenic, environmental, disease) - Species/Age-class - Rehabilitation numbers A large majority of this data was collected by volunteer groups, many of whom will be in attendance at this symposium. I would like to highlight the importance of the volunteer network in collecting strandings data, and if I’m able to extract this data from our databases readily, I intend to include figures showing volunteer attendance at turtle strandings over the past 5-10 years, to demonstrate the increasing trend of volunteer attendance.

Authors

Graeme Hays

Affiliations

Deakin University, Australia

Abstract

From emerging results with green and hawksbill turtles in the Indian Ocean, I will highlight the value of a broad range of long-term sea turtle studies. (i) how long-term monitoring of sand temperatures across years can reveal impacts of extreme events such as marine heatwaves (including the developing extreme 2026 El Nino event) , as well as long-term trends. (ii) how satellite tracking nesting turtles from one site across years has value as there may be inter-annual differences in migration destinations, so important areas for conservation may be missed in single-year tracking studies. As part of this work, I will show how green turtles nesting on one beach may have foraging sites spread across 10+ countries and so their tracks can broadly inform conservation planning across an ocean basin. Further, I will show how satellite tracking can reveal the use of key areas beyond national jurisdiction (ABNJs) and hence inform ongoing conservation planning in these areas, for example as part of the United Nations High Sea Treaty. (iii) I will show how drone surveys across years can detect changes in the numbers of turtles at sea and so be used for assessing trends in numbers for those life history stages (e.g. juveniles and males) that are traditionally under-studied. (iv) I will show how simple weight and length measurements of juveniles allow both growth rates as well as long-term changes in body condition to be identified and linked, for example, to foraging conditions and/or climate change. Such studies are revealing, for example, the implications of high packing densities (density dependence) on foraging grounds resulting from successful long-term conservation. Density dependence may slow growth rates and impact the body condition of turtles. Through these ongoing case studies I highlight the value of long-term studies to inform conservation planning.

Authors

Michael Guinea (1,2), Ella-Monique Mason (1,2), Sarah Drescher Drescher (1), Dean Wright (1), Elizabeth Wemyss (1), Sharna Schmith (1), Carolyn Tesselaar (1)

Affiliations

1: AusTurtle Incorporated, Australia
2: Charles Darwin University, NT, Australia

Abstract

Long-term monitoring programs provide unique opportunities to understand the dynamics of populations and characteristics of the life-history of long-lived marine vertebrates. Since 1996, annual monitoring of nesting flatback turtles (Natator depressus) was undertaken on Bare Sand Island, NT, resulting in one of the longest continuous datasets for this endemic Australian species. This presentation examines four key questions arising from 31 years of monitoring. First, how has the population of nesters changed over time? Annual variation in the numbers of nesting females is examined to assess long-term trends in population and interannual variability. Second, what has the long-term tagging program revealed about the breeding histories of individual females? Patterns of remigration, recruitment of previously unrecorded turtles, persistence of cohorts, and the contribution of repeatedly encountered individuals to the nesting population is explored. Third, how has reproductive success varied over three decades? Temporal patterns in success of hatching and emergence of hatchlings are presented together with consideration of environmental influences affecting reproductive output. Finally, the presentation considers why long-term monitoring is essential for understanding the ecology and conservation of flatback turtles, providing demographic information that cannot be obtained from short-term studies. The Bare Sand Island dataset illustrates the value of sustained, standardised monitoring for detecting long-term trends in nesting population, documenting individual life histories, and providing an evidence base for conservation and management of Australia’s endemic flatback turtle.

Authors

John Oxenford

Affiliations

Bribie Island Turtle Trackers Association Inc., Australia

Abstract

The Bribie Island Turtle Trackers Association (BITTs) is an incorporated all-volunteer organisation that undertakes citizen-science research to support Bribie Island’s critically endangered turtle rookery. BITTs volunteers began these efforts around 2007 focusing initially on the southern areas that are under the control of the Moreton Bay Regional Council (now the City of Moreton Bay). These activities have included: monitoring of nesting activity; protection of nests; evaluation of hatchling success; alleviating, where possible, the risks and threats to turtles; and undertaking advocacy activities and raising public awareness of this rookery. BITTs observations and reports are submitted to the Department of Science and Technology (DETSI) and through them to other turtle-support groups. As a result of a grant from DETSI in 2023, BITTs obtained an e-bike suitable for beach riding. This enabled BITTs volunteers to extend their efforts north into the National Park. Today, BITTs volunteers monitor around 25km of Bribie’s beaches from Red Beach to the south all the way north to Welsby Lagoon. These 2023 efforts were the first time that turtle nesting activities in this National Park area had been monitored and recorded. Previously, this rookery had been classified by DETSI as “minor”. But the citizen science efforts of BITTs volunteers have shown this is not the case, and DETSI has now reclassified the rookery as “significant. The BITTs volunteer efforts have greatly increased the awareness and understanding of the many risks and threats facing this rookery. These include human activities such as beach driving. Inadequate protective legislation. Natural events. Predators such as foxes, dogs, goannas and pigs. This presentation will examine those risks and threats and outline some of the remedial action that volunteers are undertaking to address them. This presentation will highlight that unless these risks and threats are adequately addressed, this rookery may not be sustainable.

Authors

Kelly Howlett

Affiliations

Care For Hedland Environmental Association Inc, Australia

Abstract

Port Hedland, 1,800 km north of Perth, is a landscape where ancient cultural heritage intersects with one of the world’s most industrialised port precincts. Aboriginal rock carvings depicting sea turtles, reflect the enduring relationship between flatback turtles (Natator depressus) and the Kariyarra people. Today, these beaches face pressures from dredging, artificial lighting, coastal development, recreation, and climate driven heat extremes. Since 2004, Care for Hedland has led an all inclusive monitoring program. Creating a long term dataset that has enabled detailed understanding of nesting seasonality, population size and structure, inter nesting intervals, recruitment, hatchling success, and disturbance impacts. Port Hedland beaches support an estimated 355 females with high adult survivorship (0.942) and stable long term abundance. The population also exhibits one of the shortest remigration intervals recorded, averaging 1.83 years and the mean inter-nesting interval of 12.0 days is shorter than other North West Shelf rookeries. Concerningly, new recruitment has declined significantly, falling by an estimated 39% over the last 14 seasons. Cemetery Beach showed a comparatively smaller population abundance reduction 13% since 2019–20, versus 39% at Delambre Island. Currently population estimates remain above initial levels rather than indicating a persistent downward trajectory. While causation cannot be inferred, this moderated decline may possibly align with sustained high intensity community stewardship and consistent monitoring effort over more than two decades. Despite outward stability, two converging concerning risks are emerging: declining new recruitment and very low hatching success. Almost half of monitored seasons recording very low success, coinciding with extreme heat and cyclonic events. Port Hedland’s experience demonstrates how community driven, place based stewardship can generate high value ecological datasets, influence management, and build resilience for vulnerable urban rookeries. This model offers a pathway for inclusive, data driven conservation to ensure flatback turtles continue their ancient presence for generations to come.

Video Presentation

Authors

Merryn Dunleavy (1), Leweena Williams (2)

Affiliations

1: NSW TurtleWatch
2: Tweed Byron Local Aboriginal Land Council

Abstract

New South Wales is recording higher numbers of marine turtle nesting events each season, with the Sea Country of the Tweed Byron Local Aboriginal Land Council consistently supporting one of the state's highest concentrations of nesting activity. As marine turtles continue to expand their nesting range at the southern edge of their distribution, conserving this important nesting hotspot requires partnerships that bring together Indigenous Knowledge, western science and shared stewardship. This presentation showcases the collaborative partnership between NSW TurtleWatch and the Tweed Byron Local Aboriginal Land Council, demonstrating how two knowledge systems can complement one another to deliver meaningful conservation outcomes for threatened marine turtles. Built on mutual respect, trust and shared learning, the partnership has grown into an active collaboration encompassing joint beach monitoring, collaborative nest management and shared decision-making throughout the nesting season. By recognising the strengths of both Indigenous Knowledge and western science, the partnership is strengthening conservation outcomes while ensuring that cultural values and connections to Sea Country remain central to marine turtle management. Presented jointly by representatives from NSW TurtleWatch and the Tweed Byron Local Aboriginal Land Council, this presentation will share the journey of building a genuine cross-cultural partnership and the lessons learned along the way. Through examples from one of New South Wales' most significant marine turtle nesting regions, we will demonstrate how collaborative stewardship is improving conservation outcomes, strengthening community engagement, fostering knowledge exchange, and building capacity for future generations of Sea Country custodians and conservation practitioners. As marine turtle nesting continues to increase in New South Wales, so too does the importance of collaborative conservation. This presentation demonstrates that bringing together Indigenous Knowledge and western science through genuine partnership not only strengthens conservation outcomes today but also equips us to meet the challenges of protecting marine turtles into the future.

Authors

Manuela Fischer

Affiliations

Cape York NRM, Australia

Abstract

The west coast of Cape York Peninsula supports nationally significant marine turtle nesting populations, including Queensland's largest flatback turtle nesting population and the state's only olive ridley turtle nesting population. Effective conservation of these threatened species depends on long-term monitoring to understand nesting success, identify threats, and guide targeted management actions across remote coastal landscapes. Since 2013, the Western Cape Turtle Threat Abatement Alliance (WCTTAA), an Indigenous-led partnership of six Land and Sea ranger groups, has delivered a coordinated marine turtle monitoring and conservation program across approximately 800 km of coastline. The program was established in response to unsustainably high levels of feral pig predation, with nest predation rates historically reaching 70–100% on some beaches, threatening the long-term viability of marine turtle populations. During each nesting season, rangers conduct systematic beach monitoring to record turtle species, nesting activity, nest predation, and hatching success. These long-term monitoring data continue to guide adaptive management by identifying priority areas for intervention, including more targeted predator control and nest protection. As a result, nest predation on targeted beaches has been reduced to sustainable levels of 10–30% over the past 13 years. This program demonstrates that sustained investment in Indigenous ranger capacity and standardised marine turtle monitoring generates robust ecological data, informs adaptive management, and delivers measurable conservation outcomes for threatened marine turtles while strengthening Indigenous leadership and long-term conservation capacity.

Authors

Melissa Staines, Tom Vigilante, Uunguu Rangers

Affiliations

Wunambal Gaambera Aboriginal Corporation

Abstract

The northwest Kimberley coast of Western Australia supports six of the world’s seven marine turtle species, including green turtles (Chelonia mydas) and flatback turtles (Natator depressus). Flatback turtles are known as Mardumal in local languages, are endemic to northern Australia and remain data deficient under the IUCN Red List. Green turtles, known as Juluwarru, also hold deep cultural significance for the Wunambal Gaambera People, whose Traditional Ecological Knowledge of Sea Country is essential for understanding and protecting these species. Major gaps remain in identifying priority nesting sites, seasonal patterns, habitat use and emerging threats such as climate change. This study was led by the Wunambal Gaambera Aboriginal Corporation and combined Traditional Owner (TO) Ecological Knowledge with modern spatial science to map turtle nesting activity across the Uunguu Indigenous Protected Area (IPA) in the northwest Kimberley. Insights from TO-led workshops will guide the interpretation of spatial data and ensure that conservation priorities reflected TO perspectives and priorities. High resolution georeferenced imagery from aerial surveys were analysed in QGIS to identify turtle species tracks, estimate nesting success, assess track age, quantify body pits, and record predator presence. Sea turtle tracks were then digitized to estimate abundance, density and distribution across the region during the wet (December 2023) and dry season (August 2024). Wet season surveys across 218 km of coastline revealed strong green turtle dominance (86.2% of total tracks), with high nesting activity documented at the Maret Islands. Dry season surveys covering 288 km showed a shift toward flatback turtle dominated nesting (~90% of total tracks), with South Maret Island again emerging as a key nesting site. By integrating cultural knowledge with contemporary geospatial methods, this study strengthens community led conservation planning for culturally significant marine turtles on Sea Country.

Authors

Clodagh Guildea (1), Suzanne Wilson (2), Troy Cook (2), Lisa Campbell (3), Shannon Pugh (1), Natasha Samuelraj (1), Tristan Simpson (1), Scott Whiting (1), Sabrina Fossette (1)

Affiliations

1: Department of Biodiversity, Conservation and Attractions, Australia
2: Waalitj Foundation, Western Australia
3: Onslow School, Western Australia

Abstract

An excited hush spreads through the group of children as they watch a flatback turtle emerge from the ocean’s edge on Thevenard Island, off the remote coast of Onslow in Western Australia. Through a long-term partnership between the Department of Biodiversity, Conservation and Attractions’ (DBCA) North West Shelf Flatback Turtle Conservation Program (NWSFTCP), Onslow School and the Waalitj Foundation, young people from Onslow between the ages of 3 – 14 years have been participating in a unique education program designed to build their advocacy, knowledge and connection with marine turtles, Country and each other over the last decade. Beginning as an opportunity for the NWSFTCP to facilitate place-based conservation experiences alongside annual turtle monitoring in 2017, this partnership has evolved into a successful transdisciplinary education program that has been announced as a finalist for the “Science Engagement of the Year” category in the Western Australian Premier’s Science Awards in 2026. This presentation will reflect on how the North West Shelf Flatback Turtle Conservation Program has strengthened and formalised local partnerships to develop and maintain a mutually beneficial “Turtle Science Program” for Onslow School students and Waalitj Foundation participants at Thevenard Island and in their community.

Authors

Wuthathi Custodian John (Duff) Murray (1), Meriam Nation Custodian Jimmy (Koza) Passi (2)

Affiliations

1: Wuthathi Aboriginal Corporation
2: Mer Gedkem Le (Torres Strait Islanders) Corporation

Abstract

The Wuthathi People from eastern Cape York Peninsula and the Meriam Nation People from the eastern Torres Strait islands of Ugar, Mer, and Erub have strong cultural connections and custodial responsibility for Raine Island. Green turtles are of deep cultural significance for Wuthathi and Meriam Nation People as such it is vital that turtles and their nesting grounds are protected for future generations. A historic Indigenous Land Use Agreement (ILUA) between the Wuthathi People, Meriam Nation People and the State of Queensland has been in place since 2007, ensuring the ongoing protection and management of Raine Island. Through the ILUA Working Group, Wuthathi and Meriam Nation have been at the forefront of the Raine Island Recovery Project, helping plan and prioritise activities while also undertaking on-ground monitoring and management. Since 2011, Wuthathi and Meriam Nation custodians have worked alongside project teams to conduct turtle and seabird research and monitoring as well as contribute to adaptive management actions such as reprofiling the beach to improve hatchling production, installing cliff-top fencing and rescuing turtles. As partners in the Raine Island Recovery Project Wuthathi and Meriam Nation directly contribute to the success of the Project.

Authors

Sean Williamson (1), Lesley Bradley (2), Owen Coffee (3), Steve Fisher (4), Karl French (5), Ainsley Gatley (6), John Gatley (6), Mike Gregory (7), Mark Hamann (8), Kate Hofmeister (9), Jennifer Loder (10), Bev McLachlan (11), Nev McLachlan (11), Misty Neilson (12), Sue Sargent (13), Jason van de Merwe (14), Kim van Oudheusden (15), Jenna Versluis (16)

Affiliations

1: Queensland Marine Turtle Network and Nocterra
2: Lower Mary River Land and Catchment Care Group Inc.
3: Department of the Environment, Tourism, Science and Innovation (DETSI), Queensland Government
4: Mackay and District Turtle Watch
5: Team Turtle CQ
6: Sea Turtle Alliance
7: Nest To Ocean Turtle Protection Program, DETSI, Queensland Government
8: James Cook University
9: Sunshine Coast Council
10: Great Barrier Reef Foundation
11: Turtle Care Volunteers Queensland Inc.
12: Accounting for Nature
13: Independent Consultant
14: Griffith University
15: Quoin Island Turtle Rehabilitation Centre
16: TurtleWatch Gold Coast at Watergum Community

Abstract

Marine turtle monitoring and conservation in Queensland is undertaken by a diverse community of Traditional Owner groups, community organisations, government agencies, researchers and conservation practitioners. The Queensland Marine Turtle Network (QMTN) was established with support from the Great Barrier Reef Foundation following an inaugural forum in 2023 that demonstrated strong demand for increased knowledge sharing and collaboration across these diverse organisations. This presentation provides an update on the Network’s development and achievements over the last two years. QMTN has grown to include more than 40 member organisations distributed across Queensland. A dedicated coordinator was appointed in early 2025, and governance has transitioned from an establishment-phase Steering Group to a voluntary nine-member Management Committee, supported by Queensland Government observers. The Network has established a website, newsletters, mailing list and social-media channels, delivered webinars and online forums, supported communication between member organisations, and strengthened connections among community, Traditional Owner, government and research partners. A 2025 survey completed by 31 member organisations provided a network-wide snapshot of marine turtle monitoring, research, threat mitigation and community engagement. It also identified shared opportunities for growth, including access to training and accreditation, equipment, volunteer capacity and sustained funding. These findings are informing collaborative priorities spanning statewide monitoring and reporting, nesting-beach protection and climate adaptation, turtle-friendly lighting, coordinated threat-mitigation campaigns and peer learning. QMTN has also worked with government and research partners to improve access to technical information and explore coordinated projects. In 2026, a partnership between QMTN, the Great Barrier Reef Foundation and Container Exchange launched a community grants program supporting member-led monitoring, habitat restoration, nest protection, equipment and education. The next phase will focus on sustainable governance and coordination, incorporation, collaborative project delivery and ensuring that the Network continues to reflect and support the priorities of Queensland’s marine turtle conservation community.

Authors

Jessica Armstrong, Cesar San Miguel

Affiliations

Australian Government Deppartment of Climate Change, Energy, the Environment and Water

Abstract

The Australian Government Department of Climate Change, Energy, the Environment and Water supports marine turtle conservation through national environmental policy, recovery planning, research investment, international cooperation and partnerships across jurisdictions. This presentation will provide an update on the Commonwealth’s work and priorities for marine turtle conservation in Australia and the wider region, including: progress on the Biological Important Areas; Australia’s role in regional marine turtle conservation through the IOSEA Marine Turtle MOU; development of the national marine turtles beach nesting guidelines; the forthcoming Marine Turtle Recovery Plan 5-year statutory review; as well as other Commonwealth-funded programs addressing knowledge gaps and threats. By showcasing the department’s current work, we hope to provide the marine turtle community with a clearer picture of current Commonwealth priorities, upcoming policy and planning processes, and opportunities to contribute evidence, expertise and practical experience. We also hope to support discussions about how national policy, research and on-ground management can work together more effectively to improve conservation outcomes for Australia’s marine turtles and their habitats.